Gallbladder Cancer: Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment
Gallbladder cancer is relatively uncommon but frequently diagnosed late because early disease is usually silent. Recognising risk factors and properly evaluating suspicious imaging findings is important.
Risk factors
- Long-standing gallstones
- Porcelain gallbladder
- Large gallbladder polyps (especially >10 mm)
- Primary sclerosing cholangitis
- Older age and female sex
Symptoms
Early disease is usually silent. Advanced disease may cause right-upper-quadrant pain, weight loss, jaundice, loss of appetite and a palpable mass.
Diagnosis
Ultrasound, CT, MRI/MRCP and endoscopic ultrasound are used as needed. Definitive diagnosis requires pathological examination.
Treatment
Surgical resection is the only curative option for suitable patients. Stage-based chemotherapy and other oncologic treatments are planned by a multidisciplinary team.
Incidental cancer
Sometimes cancer is detected on the pathology report after a cholecystectomy performed for stones or polyps; further surgery is then planned based on stage.
Frequently Asked Questions
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