ERCP — What Is It and When Is It Needed?
ERCP uses a specialised endoscope advanced through the mouth to reach the duodenum and access the bile and pancreatic ducts. It serves both diagnostic and therapeutic purposes — removal of CBD stones, stenting of strictures causing jaundice and evaluation of certain tumours. Suitability depends on prior imaging (especially MRCP), blood tests and the patient's overall health.
ERCP (Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography) is an advanced endoscopic procedure performed through the mouth that allows imaging of the bile and pancreatic ducts and interventions such as stone removal or stent placement. It is preferred for CBD stones, biliary strictures and selected tumour assessments, based on the clinical picture, MRCP findings and overall status.
When is it performed?
- CBD stones
- Biliary strictures causing jaundice
- Bile duct tumours requiring diagnosis or stenting
- Selected conditions related to chronic pancreatitis
- Post-operative bile leak in some cases
Pre-procedure preparation
Fasting, planning of blood thinners, allergy history and review of comorbidities are required. The procedure is usually performed under sedation.
Risks
Pancreatitis, bleeding, infection and rarely bowel injury are possible. Risks are explained individually.
Difference between ERCP and MRCP
MRCP is a non-invasive imaging study. ERCP is an endoscopic procedure used for both diagnosis and treatment, and its indication is often guided by MRCP findings.
Comparison table
| Condition | Symptom | Required test | Possible approach | Urgency |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gallstones | Pain after fatty meals, bloating | USG, blood tests | Follow-up or surgery | Depends on symptoms |
| Cholecystitis | Prolonged right upper abdominal pain, fever | USG, CRP, WBC | Urgent evaluation / surgery | High |
| CBD stones | Jaundice, dark urine | MRCP, bilirubin | ERCP ± surgery | High |
| Liver cyst | Usually asymptomatic | USG, CT/MRI | Follow-up or surgery | Low–Moderate |
| Hydatid cyst | Right upper abdominal fullness, pain | USG, CT/MRI, serology | Medication ± surgery | Moderate |
Frequently Asked Questions
Related Pages
Contact & Appointment
Share your existing ultrasound, MRCP, CT/MRI, blood tests or discharge summary to receive preliminary information about the process. A definitive evaluation is only possible after physical examination and the necessary investigations.
The information on this page is provided for general patient education only and does not replace diagnosis, treatment or any surgical decision. An assessment appropriate for you can only be made after a clinical examination and the necessary investigations.